On This Day in History

Israel enacted a citizenship law, prior to which the country technically had no citizens.

The British Army's Mobile Defence Corps, intended to assist with civil defence after a nuclear attack, was established by royal warrant.

On Her Majesty's Secret Service, the tenth novel of Ian Fleming's James Bond series, was released in the United Kingdom.

The Hawker Siddeley Harrier, the first operational fighter aircraft with V/STOL capabilities, entered service with the Royal Air Force.

U.S. president Richard Nixon signed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act into law, requiring that a prominent warning by the surgeon general be placed on cigarette packages.

The American Motors Corporation introduced its Gremlin, promoted as America's first subcompact car.

A man ignited tires in the crater of Mount Edgecumbe, prompting a false eruption scare later revealed as an April Fools' hoax.

The longest prison riot in British penal history began at Strangeways Prison in Manchester, lasting 25 days.

Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands was legalized, making it the first country to do so.

An American Lockheed EP-3 and a Chinese Shenyang J-8 collided in mid-air off Hainan, resulting in an international dispute between the two countries.